Immunization · HPV
HPV Vaccine
The HPV vaccine prevents infection with the human papillomavirus types that cause most cervical cancer, several other cancers, and genital warts.
It’s a cancer-prevention vaccine, most effective when given before any exposure to the virus.
The Basics
HPV is a very common virus, and lasting infection with certain high-risk types can lead to cancers of the cervix, throat, anus, penis, vulva, and vagina, as well as genital warts. The vaccine prevents the infections responsible for the great majority of these cancers, which is why it’s considered one of the most important cancer-prevention tools we have.
Who & When
- Routine at ages 11–12 (can start at 9), before exposure.
- Catch-up through age 26 for anyone not fully vaccinated.
- Ages 27–45: a shared decision, since benefit is smaller if prior exposure is likely, but it can still be worthwhile for some.
The bottom line: best given young, and recommended as catch-up through 26, with a personal decision from 27 to 45.
The Schedule
If the series is started before age 15, two doses are enough. Starting at 15 or older (or with a weakened immune system) calls for three doses. We’ll map out the timing.
Screening Still Matters
The vaccine prevents most, but not all, cancer-causing HPV, so cervical cancer screening is still recommended even if you’re vaccinated. See our cervical cancer screening page.
Is It Safe?
Yes. The HPV vaccine has a strong safety record over many years and hundreds of millions of doses. The most common effects are a sore arm, and occasionally dizziness or fainting right after the shot, so we’ll have you sit for a few minutes.
Useful Links
Talk it through with Dr. Mui
Wondering if the HPV vaccine makes sense for you? Book a visit and we’ll talk it through.
Prefer to ask first? Text Dr. Mui at 617-675-4085.
This page is for general education and isn’t a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Screening guidelines change over time and the right plan depends on your personal risk. Always talk with a qualified health provider about your specific situation.