Understanding Your Urinalysis
A urinalysis (UA) examines a urine sample for signs of infection, kidney problems, dehydration, and more. It is a quick, painless window into several aspects of your health.
What It Checks
The UA looks at the appearance and chemistry of your urine, and sometimes examines it under a microscope.
| Component | What It Means |
|---|---|
| White Blood Cells & NitritesInfection | Their presence suggests a urinary tract infection. |
| Blood | Can point to infection, kidney stones, or other issues, and sometimes appears without a serious cause. |
| Protein | Small amounts can be normal, but persistent protein can be an early sign of kidney strain. |
| Glucose & KetonesBlood Sugar | Sugar in the urine can be a clue to diabetes; ketones can appear with fasting or uncontrolled diabetes. |
| Concentration & pH | Reflect hydration and the acid balance of your urine. |
What’s Most Important to Know
A UA is often the first step in checking urinary symptoms. Abnormal findings usually guide the next test rather than making a final diagnosis.
For example, signs of infection may lead to a urine culture. Dr. Mui will explain what your results mean and any follow-up.
This page is for general education and does not replace a conversation with your doctor about your specific results. Want to review your results? Book a visit and we’ll go through them together.